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for this trade。
假设你的交易账户有50000元。你想买XYZ 股票,当前市价为20元。你的赢利目标是26 元,止损设在18元。那么你可以买多少股XYZ呢?50000元的2%是1000元,也就是你可以接受的最大风险。在20元买进,并在18元设置止损,那么你的每股风险为2元。用最大可接受风险除以每股风险,就得到你可以购买的股数。1000元除以2元,结果为500股。这就是理论上的最大股数。实际上,那个数目应该更低一些,因为你必须支付佣金和准备应付滑点亏损的影响,所以这些费用加起来都不得超过2%的限制。故是400 股,而不是500 股,就是你的交易上限。
I’ve noticed a curious difference in how people react to the 2% Rule。 Poor beginners think this number is too low。 Someone asked me at a recent conference whether the 2% Rule could be increased for small accounts。 I answered that when he goes bungee jumping; it doesn’t pay to extend the cord。
我已经注意到人们对2%原则的反应有非常奇怪的差别。可怜的新手认为这个数字太小。在最近一次研讨会上,有人问我对于小账户来说,2%原则是不是可以大一点。我回答说,当他去蹦极的时候,延长绳子没有什么好处。
Professionals; on the other hand; often say 2% is too high and they try to risk less。 A very successful hedge fund manager recently told me that his project for the next six months was to increase his trading size。 He never risked more than 0。5% of equity on a trade … and was going to teach himself to risk 1%! Good traders tend to stay well below the 2% limit。 Whenever amateurs and professionals are on the opposite sides of an argument; you know which side to choose。 Try to risk less than 2% … it is simply the maximum level。
专业交易者则相反,他们常说2%太高了,他们努力使风险更低一些。一位非常成功的对冲基金经理最近告诉我,他计划在接下来的六个月中增加他的仓位。他从未在单笔交易中使风险超过净资金的0。5%——而现在自己努力把风险比例上升到1%。优秀的交易者安于2%限制之下。无论何时只要业余选手和专业交易者的意见相反,你心里应该明白谁是对的。尽量使风险低于2%——这就是最高风险。
Whenever you look at a potential trade; check whether a logical stop on a round lot or a single contract would keep you on the right side of the 2% Rule。 If it would put more money at risk; pass that trade。
无论何时进行交易,都要检查所有或单份合约的逻辑止损是否满足2%原则。如果哪次交易要求有更高的风险,那么就放弃交易。
Measure your account equity on the first of each month。 If you start the month with 100;000 in your account; the 2% Rule allows you to risk a maximum of 2;000 per trade。 If you have a good month and your equity rises to 105;000; then your 2% limit for the next month is … how much? Quick! Remember; a good trader can count! If you have 105;000 in your account; the 2% Rule allows you to risk 2;100 and trade a slightly bigger size。 If; on the other hand; you have a bad month and your equity falls to 95;000; the 2% Rule sets your maximum permitted risk at 1;900 per trade for the following month。 The 2% Rule lets you expand when you are ahead and forces you to pull in your horns when you do poorly; it links your trading size to your performance。 What if you have several trading accounts; for example; one for stocks and another for futures? In that case; apply the 2% Rule to each account separately。
在每月初,都要检查你的账户净资金。如果起始月时你的账户中有100000元,那么2%原则允许你每次交易冒2000元的风险。如果上月赢利,净资金上升到105000元,那么在下个月你的2%限制将是多少钱?快点回答,记住,要做一名优秀的交易者,算术能力一定要好!如果你的账户中有105000元,2%原则将允许你冒2100元的风险,可以交易稍多一点的金额。反之,如果你上月亏损,净资金降到95000 元,2%原则将限制你在下月交易中所冒风险的金额为1900元。当你表现优异时,2%原则允许你扩大自己的交易金额,而当你表现欠佳时,它会强制你减少交易金额,这使得你的交易金额与自己的表现联系在一起。如果你有好几个交易账户时该怎么做呢?比如,你用一个账户做股票,另一个账户做期货。在那种情况下,要在每个账户中分别使用2%原则。
Futures … OK to Trade Spreadsheet
期货市场选择表
Imagine two traders; Mr。 Hare and Mr。 Turtle; both with 50;000 accounts; who are looking at two futures markets … S&P 500 and corn。 The agile Mr。 Hare notices that the average daily range in the S&P is about 5 points; worth 250 each。 The daily range in corn is about 5 cents; worth 50 each。 He quickly figures that if he catches just a half of a day’s range; he’ll make over 500 per contract in the S&P; whereas the same level of skill will bring him just a little over 100 in corn。 Mr。 Hare calls his broker and buys two contracts of the S&P。
想象一下有两个交易者,兔子先生和乌龟先生,各有一个50000元的账户,他们正在观察两个期货市场——标准普尔和玉米。机敏的兔子先生注意到标准普尔的平均日价格区间约5 点,每份合约的价格为250元。玉米的平均日价格区间为5分,每份合约为50元。他很快就得出结论。如果他只能抓住日价格区间的一半,那么在标准普尔每份合约可以赚500元,而使用同样水平的技巧,在玉米中只能赚100元多一点。兔子先生打电话给他的经纪人,要求买两份标准普尔合约。
The cautious Mr。 Turtle has a different arithmetic。 He begins by setting the maximum risk in his account at 2% or 1;000。 Trading the S&P; moving over 1;000 a day with such a small account; is like grabbing a very large tiger by a very short tail。 If; on the other hand; he trades corn; he’ll have a lot more staying power。 That tiger is smaller and has a longer tail; which he can wrap around his wrist。 Mr。 Turtle buys a contract of corn。 Who is more likely to win in the long run; Mr。 Hare or Mr。 Turtle?
但谨慎的乌龟先生却有着不同的算法。首先,他使用2%原则计算出自己账户的最大可承受风险资金1000元。在标准普尔中,在这样的小账户,一天只动用1000元,就像去抓一只个头非常大,但尾巴非常短的老虎一样。另一方面,如果他交易玉米,他就有更大的生存能力。那只老虎要小一些,而且有一条可以缠在腰上的长尾巴。乌龟先生买了一份玉米的合约。那么在兔子先生和乌龟先生中,谁最终将取得胜利呢?
To find out which futures markets you may or may not trade; measure your equity against the recent level of market noise。 Begin by calculating 2% of your account。 Measure the level of noise with the SafeZone indicator; calculate its 22…day EMA; and translate that into dollars。 Do not trade any market whose average noise level is more than 1% of your equity。 If you follow this rule; you’ll trade relatively sedate markets where you can safely place your stops。 Why 1% and not 2%? Because your 2% stop will have to be more than the average noise level away from the market。
在期货市场中选择期货商品时,比较一下你的资金和近期的市场波动水平。首先计算出你的账户资金的2%。使用安全区域指标度量波动水平,计算出其22日均线,并将结果化为金额。如果平均波动水平高于你账户资金的1%,就不要交易那只期货。如果你遵守这条原则,你所选择的市场相对来说是比较稳定的,可以比较安全地设置止损。为什么是1%,而不早2%呢?因为在市场中,你的2%止损必须大于平均波动水平。
The first column in the spreadsheet in Table 7。1 lists the market; the second the value of one contract; the third the current SafeZone indicator; and the fourth multiplies SafeZone by two。 The fifth column lists 2% of the account value; in this case 30;000。 The last column pares the value of SafeZone multiplied by two to 2% of the account。 If the latter is greater than the former; that market is OK to trade。
表7。1的第一列是期货市场,第二列是每份合约的价格,第三列是当前的安全区域,第四列是用安全区域指标乘以2所得结果。第五列是账户资金的2% ,此处账户资金为30000元。最后一列比较两倍的安全区域指标与账户资金2%。如果后者大于前者,那个市场就适合交易。
The values in Table 7。1 are current as this is being written; but have to be updated monthly because volatility changes and SafeZone with it。 The exchanges occasionally modify contracts and change unit values。 Use this table only as an example and a starting point。 Do your homework; plug in the current numbers; and find out which contracts you may or may not trade。
表7。1中的数据,在我写作时的当前值,因为波动性和安全区域都在不断变化,所以你在使用时,必须每月更新。交易所有时会修改合约,并更改每份合约的价格。这个表格只是作为一个例子。供你开始选择期货市场时参考。使用时改为最新数据,并找出哪些期货市场适合你交易。
If you cannot afford to trade a certain market; you can still download it; do your homework; and paper trade it as if you were doing it with real money。 This will prepare you for the day when your account grows big enough or the market grows quiet enough for you to jump in。
如果你没有足够的资金交易某个期货市场,你仍然可以下载它,做好准备工作,并进行模拟交易,就像真实的交易一样。这样,当你的账户足够大或某个期货市场变得足够平静时,就可以很有准备地进入交易了。
Table 7。1 OK to Trade Spreadsheet
表7。1 期货市场选择表
期货
单价
安全区域
2倍安全区域
30000的2%
是否交易
债券
1;000
0。33
660
600
否
欧元
2;500
0。09
450
600
是
标准普尔
250
10。00
5;000
600
否
瑞士法郎
1;250
0。40
1;000
600
否
日元
1;250
0。38
950
600
否
德国马克
1;250
0。26
650
600
否
现金
1;000
0。21
420
600
是
白糖
1;120
0。11
246
600
是
棉花
500
0。63
630
600
否
咖啡
375
1。70
1;275
600
否
可可
10
24。00
480
600
是
贵金属
420
1。84
1;546
600
否
取暖油
420
2。11
1;772
600
否
原油
420
0。76
638
600
否
银
5;000
0。09
900
600
否
黄金
100
1。80
360
600
是
铜
250
1。05
525
600
是
小麦
50
2。60
260
600
是
玉米
50
2。50
250
600
是
大豆
50
6。50
650
600
否
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