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屋顶间的哲学家_梭维斯特-第1部分

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睄鎺ㄨ崘璇峰埌銆婂眿椤堕棿鐨勫摬瀛﹀銆嬩笓棰樼綉鍧http:///waiwen/487/ 
  锛屾渶鏈夋枃鑹烘皵鎭殑鏂囧缃戠珯锛屾彁渚涚粡鍏哥殑鏂囧鍚嶈憲銆佹渚犲皬璇淬佽█鎯呭皬璇淬佷汉鏂囩ぞ绉戠被涔︾睄鍦ㄧ嚎闃呰锛屾墍鏈塗XT鐢靛瓙涔︽墜鏈哄厤璐逛笅杞介槄璇伙紝鎴戜滑鎻愪緵缁欐偍鐨勫皬璇翠笉姹傛渶澶氾紝浣嗘眰鏈缁忓吀鏈瀹屾暣



 Preface

    emilesouvestre

    noonesucceedsinobtainingaprominentplaceinliterature;orinsurroundinghimselfwithafaithfulandsteadycircleofadmirersdrawnfromtheficklemassesofthepublic;unlesshepossessesoriginality;constantvariety;andadistinctpersonality。itisquitepossibletogainforamomentafewreadersbyimitatingsomeoriginalfeatureinanother;butthesesoonvanishandthewriterremainsaloneandforgotten。others;again;withoutbelongingtoanydistinctgroupofauthors;havingfoundtheirstandardinthemselves;moralistsandeducatorsatthesametime;haveobtainedundyingrecognition。

    ofthelatterclass;thoughlittleknownoutsideoffrance;isemilesouvestre;whowasborninmorlaix;april15;1806;anddiedatparisjuly5;1854。hewasthesonofacivilengineer;waseducatedatthecollegeofpontivy;andintendedtofollowhisfatherscareerbyenteringthepolytechnicschool。hisfather;however;diedin1823;andsouvestrematriculatedasalaw…studentatrennes。buttheyoungstudentsoondevotedhimselfentirelytoliterature。hisfirstessay;atragedy;lesiegedemissolonghi(1828);wasapronouncedfailure。disheartenedanddisgustedheleftparisandestablishedhimselffirstasalawyerinmorlaix。thenhebecameproprietorofanewspaper;andwasafterwardappointedaprofessorinbrestandinmulhouse。in1836hecontributedtotherevuedesdeuxmondessomesketchesoflifeinbrittany;whichobtainedabrilliantsuccess。souvestrewassoonmadeeditoroflarevuedeparis;andinconsequenceearlyfoundapublisherforhisfirstnovel;lechelledefemmes;which;aswasthecasewithhissecondwork;richeetpauvre;metwithaveryfavorablereception。hisreputationwasnowmade;andbetweenthisperiodandhisdeathhegavetofranceaboutsixtyvolumes鈥斺攖ales;novels;essays;history;anddrama。

    adoublepurposewasalwaysveryconspicuousinhisbooks:heaspiredtotheroleofamoralistandeducator;andwaslikewiseamostimpressivepainterofthelife;character;andmoralsoftheinhabitantsofbrittany。

    themostsignificantofhisbooksareperhapslesderniersbretons(1835…1837;4vols。);pierrelandais(1843;2vols。);lefoyerbreton(1844;2vols。);unphilosophesonslestoits;crownedbytheacademy(1850);confessionsdunouvrier(1851);recitsetsouvenirs(1853);souvenirsdunvieillard(1854);alsolabretagnepittoresque(1845);and;finally;causerieshistoriquesetlitteraires(1854;2vols。)。hisediesdeservehonorablemention:henrihamelin;lonclebaptiste(1842);laparisienne;lemousse;etc。in1848;souvestrewasappointedprofessorofthenewlycreatedschoolofadministration;mostlydevotedtopopularlectures。heheldthisposttill1853;lecturingpartlyinparis;partlyinswitzerland。

    hisdeath;whenparativelyyoung;leftadistinctgapintheliteraryworld。alifelikehiscouldnotbeextinguishedwithoutgeneralsorrow。

    althoughhewasundulymodest;andneveraspiredtotheroleofabeacon…lightinliterature;alwaysseekingtoremaininobscurity;theworksofemilesouvestremustbeplacedinthefirstrankbytheirmoralityandbytheirinstructivecharacter。theywillalwaysmandtheentirerespectandapplauseofmankind。andthusithappensthat;likemanyothers;hewasonlyfullyappreciatedafterhisdeath。

    eventhoseofhisconfrereswhodidnotseemtoesteemhim;whenalive;suddenlyfoundoutthattheyhadexperiencedagreatlossinhisdemise。

    theyexpresseditinemotionalpanegyrcs;contemporaneousliteraturediscoveredthatvirtuehadflownfromitsbosom;andthefrenchacademy;whichhadatitspropertimecrownedhisphilosophesonslestoitsasaworkcontributingsupremelytomorals;kepthismemorygreenbybestowingonhiswidowthe〃prixlambert;〃designedforthe〃familiesofauthorswhobytheirintegrity;andbytheprobityoftheireffortshavewelldeservedthistokenfromtherepubliquedeslettres。〃

    josephbertrand



 CHAPTER I

    new…yearsgifts

    january1st

    thedayofthemonthcameintomymindassoonasiawoke。anotheryearisseparatedfromthechainofages;anddropsintothegulfofthepast!

    thecrowdhastentoweleheryoungsister。butwhilealllooksareturnedtowardthefuture;minereverttothepast。everyonesmilesuponthenewqueen;but;inspiteofmyself;ithinkofherwhomtimehasjustwrappedinherwinding…sheet。thepastyear!鈥斺攁tleastiknowwhatshewas;andwhatshehasgivenme;whilethisoneessurroundedbyalltheforebodingsoftheunknown。whatdoesshehideinthecloudsthatmantleher?isitthestormorthesunshine?justnowitrains;andifeelmymindasgloomyasthesky。ihaveaholidaytoday;butwhatcanonedoonarainyday?iwalkupanddownmyatticoutoftemper;andideterminetolightmyfire。

    unfortunatelythematchesarebad;thechimneysmokes;thewoodgoesout!

    ithrowdownmybellowsindisgust;andsinkintomyoldarmchair。

    intruth;whyshouldirejoicetoseethebirthofanewyear?allthosewhoarealreadyinthestreets;withholidaylooksandsmilingfaces鈥斺攄otheyunderstandwhatmakesthemsogay?dotheyevenknowwhatisthemeaningofthisholiday;orwhenceesthecustomofnew…yearsgifts?

    heremymindpausestoprovetoitselfitssuperiorityoverthatofthevulgar。imakeaparenthesisinmyill…temperinfavorofmyvanity;andibringtogetheralltheevidencewhichmyknowledgecanproduce。

    (theoldromansdividedtheyearintotenmonthsonly;itwasnumapompiliuswhoaddedjanuaryandfebruary。theformertookitsnamefromjanus;towhomitwasdedicated。asitopenedthenewyear;theysurroundeditsbeginningwithgoodomens;andthencecamethecustomofvisitsbetweenneighbors;ofwishinghappiness;andofnew…yearsgifts。

    thepresentsgivenbytheromansweresymbolic。theyconsistedofdryfigs;dates;honeyb;asemblemsof〃thesweetnessoftheauspicesunderwhichtheyearshouldbeginitscourse;〃andasmallpieceofmoneycalledstips;whichforebodedriches。)

    hereiclosetheparenthesis;andreturntomyill…humor。thelittlespeechihavejustaddressedtomyselfhasrestoredmemyself…satisfaction;butmadememoredissatisfiedwithothers。icouldnowenjoymybreakfast;buttheportresshasforgottenmymorningsmilk;andthepotofpreservesisempty!anyoneelsewouldhavebeenvexed:asforme;iaffectthemostsupremeindifference。thereremainsahardcrust;whichibreakbymainstrength;andwhichicarelesslynibble;asamanfarabovethevanitiesoftheworldandoffreshrolls。

    however;idonotknowwhymythoughtsshouldgrowmoregloomybyreasonofthedifficultiesofmastication。ioncereadthestoryofanenglishmanwhohangedhimselfbecausetheyhadbroughthimhisteawithoutsugar。therearehoursinlifewhenthemosttriflingcrosstakestheformofacalamity。ourtempersarelikeanopera…glass;whichmakestheobjectsmallorgreataccordingtotheendyoulookthrough。

    usually;theprospectthatopensoutbeforemywindowdelightsme。itisamountain…rangeofroofs;withridgescrossing;interlacing;andpiledononeanother;anduponwhichtallchimneysraisetheirpeaks。itwasbutyesterdaythattheyhadanalpineaspecttome;andiwaitedforthefirstsnowstormtoseeglaciersamongthem;to…day;ionlyseetilesandstoneflues。thepigeons;whichassistedmyruralillusions;seemnomorethanmiserablebirdswhichhavemistakentheroofforthebackyard;thesmoke;whichrisesinlightclouds;insteadofmakingmedreamofthepantingofvesuvius;remindsmeofkitchenpreparationsanddishwater;andlastly;thetelegraph;thatiseefaroffontheoldtowerofmontmartre;hastheeffectofavilegallowsstretchingitsarmsoverthecity。

    myeyes;thushurtbyalltheymeet;falluponthegreatmanshousewhichfacesmyattic。

    theinfluenceofnew…yearsdayisvisiblethere。theservantshaveanairofeagernessproportionedtothevalueoftheirnew…yearsgifts;receivedorexpected。iseethemasterofthehousecrossingthecourtwiththemoroselookofamanwhoisforcedtobegenerous;andthevisitorsincrease;followedbyshopporterswhocarryflowers;bandboxes;ortoys。suddenlythegreatgatesareopened;andanewcarriage;drawnbythoroughbredhorses;drawsupbeforethedoorsteps。theyare;withoutdoubt;thenew…yearsgiftpresentedtothemistressofthehousebyherhusband;forsheesherselftolookatthenewequipage。verysoonshegetsintoitwithalittlegirl;allstreamingwithlaces;feathersandvelvets;andloadedwithparcelswhichshegoestodistributeasnew…yearsgifts。thedoorisshut;thewindowsaredrawnup;thecarriagesetsoff。

    thusalltheworldareexchanginggoodwishesandpresentsto…day。ialonehavenothingtogiveortoreceive。poorsolitary!idonotevenknowonechosenbeingforwhomimightofferaprayer。

    thenletmywishesforahappynewyeargoandseekoutallmyunknownfriends鈥斺攍ostinthemultitudewhichmurmursliketheoceanatmyfeet!

    toyoufirst;hermitsincities;forwhomdeathandpovertyhavecreatedasolitudeinthemidstofthecrowd!unhappylaborers;whoarecondemnedtotoilinmelancholy;andeatyourdailybreadinsilenceanddesertion;andwhomgodhaswithdrawnfromtheintoxicatingpangsofloveandfriendship!

    toyou;fonddreamers;whopassthroughlifewithyoureyesturnedtowardsomepolarstar;whileyoutreadwithindifferenceovertherichharvestsofreality!

    toyou;honestfathers;wholengthenouttheeveningtomaintainyourfamilies!toyou;poorwidows;weepingandworkingbyacradle!toyou;youngmen;resolutelysettoopenforyourselvesapathinlife;largeenoughtoleadthroughitthewifeofyourchoice!toyou;allbravesoldiersofworkandofself…sacrifice!

    toyou;lastly;whateveryourtitleandyourname;wholovegood;whopitythesuffering;whowalkthroughtheworldlikethesymbolicalvirginofbyzantium;withbotharmsopentothehumanrace!

    hereiamsuddenlyinterruptedbyloudandincreasingchirpings。ilookaboutme:mywindowissurroundedwithsparrowspickingupthecrumbsofbreadwhichinmybrownstudyihadjustscatteredontheroof。atthissightaflashoflightbrokeuponmysaddenedheart。ideceivedmyselfjustnow;wheniplainedthatihadnothingtogive:thankstome;thesparrowsofthispartofthetownwillhav
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