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460 BC
PROMETHEUS BOUND
by Aeschylus
Characters in the Play
Kratos
Bia
Hephaestus
Prometheus
Chorus of the Oceanides
Oceanus
Io
Hermes
Mountainous country； and in the middle of a deep gorge a Rock；
towards which KRATOS and BIA carry the gigantic form OF PROMETHEUS。
HEPHAESTUS follows dejectedly with hammer； nails； chains； etc。
KRATOS
Now have we journeyed to a spot of earth
Remote…the Scythian wild； a waste untrod。
And now； Hephaestus； thou must execute
The task our father laid on thee； and fetter
This malefactor to the jagged rocks
In adamantine bonds infrangible；
For thine own blossom of all forging fire
He stole and gave to mortals； trespass grave
For which the Gods have called him to account；
That he may learn to bear Zeus' tyranny
And cease to play the lover of mankind。
HEPHAESTUS
Kratos and Bia； for ye twain the hest
Of Zeus is done with； nothing lets you further。
But forcibly to bind a brother God；
In chains； in this deep chasm raked by all storms
I have not courage； yet needs must I pluck
Courage from manifest necessity；
For woe worth him that slights the Father's word。
O high…souled son of them is sage in counsel；
With heavy heart I must make thy heart heavy；
In bonds of brass not easy to be loosed；
Nailing thee to this crag where no wight dwells；
Nor sound of human voice nor shape of man
Shall visit thee； but the sun…blaze shall roast
Thy flesh； thy hue； flower…fair； shall suffer change；
Welcome will Night be when with spangled robe
She hides the light of day； welcome the sun
Returning to disperse the frosts of dawn。
And every hour shall bring its weight of woe
To wear thy heart away； for yet unborn
Is he who shall release Chee from thy pain。
This is thy wage for loving humankind。
For； being a God； thou dared'st the Gods' ill will；
Preferring； to exceeding honour； Man。
Wherefore thy long watch shall be comfortless；
Stretched on this rock； never to close an eye
Or bend a knee； and vainly shalt thou lift；
With groanings deep and lamentable cries；
Thy voice； for Zeus is hard to be entreated；
As new…born power is ever pitiless。
KRATOS
Enough！ Why palter？ Why wast idle pity？
Is not the God Gods loathe hateful to thee？
Traitor to man of thy prerogative？
HEPHAESTUS
Kindred and fellowship are dreaded names。
KRATOS
Questionless； but to slight the Father's word…
How sayest thou？ Is not this fraught with more dread？
HEPHAESTUS
Thy heart was ever hard and overbold。
KRATOS
But wailing will not ease him！ Waste no pains
Where thy endeavour nothing profiteth。
HEPHAESTUS
Oh execrable work！ I handicraft！
KRATOS
Why curse thy trade？ For what thou hast to do；
Troth； smithcraft is in no wise answerable。
HEPHAESTUS
Would that it were another's craft； not mine！
KRATOS
Why； all things are a burden save to rule
Over the Gods； for none is free but Zeus。
HEPHAESTUS
To that I answer not； knowing it true。
KRATOS
Why； then； make haste to cast the chains about him；
Lest glancing down on thee the Father's eye
Behold a laggard and a loiterer。
HEPHAESTUS
Here are the iron bracelets for his arms。
KRATOS
Fasten them round his arms with all thy strength！
Strike with thy hammer！ Nail him to the rocks！
HEPHAESTUS
'Tis done！ and would that it were done less well！
KRATOS
Harder…I say…strike harder…screw all tight
And be not in the least particular
Remiss； for unto one of his resource
Bars are but instruments of liberty。
HEPHAESTUS
This forearm's fast： a shackle hard to shift。
KRATOS
Now buckle this！ and handsomely！ Let him learn
Sharp though he be； he's a dull blade to Zeus。
HEPHAESTUS
None can find fault with this： …save him it tortures。
KRATOS
Now take thine iron spike and drive it in；
Until it gnaw clean through the rebel's breast。
HEPHAESTUS
Woe's me； Prometheus； for thy weight of woe！
KRATOS
Still shirking？ still a…groaning for the foes
Of Zeus？ Anon thou'lt wail thine own mishap。
HEPHAESTUS
Thou seest what eyes scarce bear to look upon！
KRATOS
I see this fellow getting his deserts！
But strap him with a gelt about his ribs。
HEPHAESTUS
I do what I must do： for thee…less words！
KRATOS
〃Words；〃 quotha？ Aye； and shout 'em if need be。
Come down and cast a ring…bolt round his legs。
HEPHAESTUS
The thing is featly done； and 'twas quick work。
KRATOS
Now with a sound rap knock the bolt…pins home！
For heavy…handed is thy task…master。
HEPHAESTUS
So villainous a form vile tongue befits。
KRATOS
Be thou the heart of wax； but chide not me
That I am gruffish； stubborn and stiff…willed。
HEPHAESTUS
Oh； come away！ The tackle holds him fast。
KRATOS
Now； where thou hang'st insult Plunder the Gods
For creatures of a day！ To thee what gift
Will mortals tender to requite thy pains？
The destinies were out miscalling the
Designer： a designer thou wilt need
From trap so well contrived to twist thee free。
Exeunt。
PROMETHEUS。
O divine air Breezes on swift bird…wings；
Ye river fountains； and of ocean…waves
The multitudinous laughter Mother Earth！
And thou all…seeing circle of the sun；
Behold what I； a God； from Gods endure！
Look down upon my shame；
The cruel wrong that racks my frame；
The grinding anguish that shall waste my strength；
Till time's ten thousand years have measured out their length！
He hath devised these chains；
The new throned potentate who reigns；
Chief of the chieftains of the Blest。 Ah me！
The woe which is and that which yet shall be
I wail； and question make of these wide skies
When shall the star of my deliverance rise。
And yet…and yet…exactly I foresee
All that shall come to pass； no sharp surprise
Of pain shall overtake me； what's determined
Bear； as I can； I must； knowing the might
Of strong Necessity is unconquerable。
But touching my fate silence and speech alike
Are unsupportable。 For boons bestowed
On mortal men I am straitened in these bonds。
I sought the fount of fire in hollow reed
Hid privily； a measureless resource
For man； and mighty teacher of all arts。
This is the crime that I must expiate
Hung here in chains； nailed 'neath the open sky。 Ha！ Ha！
What echo； what odour floats by with no sound？
God…wafted or mortal or mingled its strain？
Comes there one to this world's end； this mountain…girt ground；
To have sight of my torment？ Or of what is he fain？
A God ye behold in bondage and pain；
The foe of Zeus and one at feud with all
The deities that find
Submissive entry to the tyrant's hall；
His fault； too great a love of humankind。
Ah me！ Ah me！ what wafture nigh at hand；
As of great birds of prey； is this I hear？
The bright air fanned
Whistles and shrills with rapid beat of wings。
There cometh nought but to my spirit brings
Horror and fear。
The DAUGHTERS OF OCEANUS draw near in
mid…air in their winged chariot。
CHORUS
Put thou all fear away！
In kindness cometh this array
On wings of speed to mountain lone；
Our sire's consent not lightly won。
But a fresh breeze our convoy brought；
For loud the din of iron raught
Even to our sea…cave's cold recess；
And scared away the meek…eyed bashfulness。
I tarried not to tic my sandal shoe
But haste； post haste； through air my winged chariot flew。
PROMETHEUS
Ah me！ Ah me！
Fair progeny
That many…childed Tethys brought to birth；
Fathered of Ocean old
Whose sleepless stream is rolled
Round the vast shores of earth
Look on me！ Look upon these chains
Wherein I hang fast held
On rocks high…pinnacled；
My dungeon and my tower of dole；
Where o'er the abyss my soul；
Sad warder； her unwearied watch sustains！
CHORUS
Prometheus； I am gazing on thee now！
With the cold breath of fear upon my brow；
Not without mist of dimming tears；
While to my sight thy giant stature rears
Its bulk forpined upon these savage rocks
In shameful bonds the linked adamant locks。
For now new steersmen take the he